The evolution of online grooming: How predators target children and teens in new digital environments

Online grooming is not a new threat; however, the methods predators use to contact and target children and teens are constantly evolving. ESET, a leading company in proactive threat detection, through its Digipadresinitiative, analyzes how online harassment and grooming now often originate in everyday virtual spaces—such as multiplayer video game platforms, community servers, and direct messaging applications—and not exclusively on traditional social networks. Understanding what grooming is and how it has evolved in recent years can help families identify warning signs without assuming that every friendship formed online is dangerous.

Grooming is a process by which an adult deliberately establishes a relationship with a child or adolescent, often lying about their true identity or age, to gain their trust before exploiting or abusing them. Although this crime can occur in both physical and digital environments, the internet has completely changed the ease with which abusers can contact minors and the difficulty adults face in detecting what is happening.

Online grooming can begin in any space where a child or teenager interacts with others: multiplayer video games, social media, messaging apps, live chat rooms, or online communities built around shared interests. From their home, a single abuser can contact dozens or even hundreds of children and teenagers.

The incorporation of new digital tools, including artificial intelligence, makes it easier for online predators to create highly convincing fake identities, perfecting their fictitious profiles to match the tastes and language of their victims. However, Digipadres warns that, despite technological advances, the underlying psychological strategy remains unchanged: abusers continue to exploit the natural need for friendship, attention, understanding, and a sense of belonging that children and teenagers experience.

“Unlike offline harassment, which is restricted by geographical barriers and limited opportunities for physical contact, the internet allows an abuser to simultaneously contact dozens or hundreds of minors from their home, taking advantage of the dynamism and immediacy of the digital environment. Despite the emergence of new technologies, the best protection strategy for mothers, fathers, and caregivers remains the same: maintain open communication, promote healthy digital habits, and constantly monitor children,” says Mario Micucci, Cybersecurity Researcher at ESET Latin America.

The risk is grows; children must be protected

In the initial stages of grooming, contact rarely begins with explicit sexual content or threats. Instead, it follows a gradual pattern of manipulation:

• Simulated genuine interest: They show unusual interest in the child’s hobbies, favorite games, or everyday situations.
• Building trust: They provide constant emotional support, validation, and compliments to quickly establish an emotional bond.
• Migration to private channels: They encourage the shift of interactions from public or group chats to private messages or encrypted messaging applications.
• Demand for secrecy: They ask the minor to keep the relationship strictly confidential from their parents, teachers, or friends.
• Gradual introduction of personal/sexual topics: Once a bond of trust is established, they gradually introduce intimate conversations.
• Manipulation and emotional pressure: They resort to guilt, coercion, or threats if the victim tries to distance themselves or end the conversation.

Faced with this constantly evolving dynamic, the specialist emphasizes that assuming any friendship formed online is inherently dangerous is not the solution. Instead, active and conscious guidance from responsible adults is essential.

To mitigate the risks of grooming, ESET recommends prioritizing the following preventative measures:

1. Maintain open and continuous communication: Basic measures, such as parental controls and clear rules about technology use, can help, but should never replace open communication. Foster an environment of trust so that children can express doubts, concerns, or uncomfortable situations without fear of judgment or punishment.
2. Promote healthy digital habits: Teach privacy guidelines, the importance of not sharing sensitive information, and the proper configuration of digital accounts.
3. Constant involvement: Actively participate in the virtual environments frequented by children, understanding the dynamics of their favorite games and platforms.

“New apps, artificial intelligence tools, and online communities will continue to transform the digital environment, making it impossible to anticipate every new platform or trend. Instead of trying to keep up with every technological change, mothers, fathers, and caregivers can focus on what is most important and lasting: helping children and adolescents develop the confidence needed to recognize manipulation attempts, question suspicious behavior, and know that they can always ask for help. These are skills that will remain useful no matter what the internet looks like in five or ten years,” emphasizes Micucci from ESET.

Digipadres is an ESET initiative, based on SaferKidsOnline, designed to support and raise awareness among mothers, fathers, teachers, and caregivers about the safe and responsible use of technology by children and adolescents. Through educational content, practical guides, and current research, it provides key tools to protect minors in the digital ecosystem.

To learn more, visit: https://digipadres.com/novedades/147-la-evolucion-del-grooming-en-linea-como-los-agresores-en-linea-captan-a-ninos-y-adolescentes.

More news from ESET and cybersecurity at: https://www.welivesecurity.com/es/

ESET invites you to learn more about cybersecurity in Venezuela by visiting: https://www.eset.com/ve/, and following them on social media @eset_ve. Also on Instagram @esetla) and Facebook (ESET).

Information and image provided by ESET and Comstat Rowland

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