During the 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly, a cybersecurity agreement was announced between Venezuela, Russia, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Nicaragua, Belarus, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Iraq, Kyrgyzstan, and Laos.

The signing of this agreement is an endorsement of the United Nations Convention on Cybercrime and will help members collect and share digital evidence, combat the use of cyberspace to commit crimes, and strengthen regulations in this field.

“The group urged all member states to sign the document during the official ceremony scheduled for Hanoi in 2025, and to work on the development of an additional protocol addressing other crimes enabled by digital technologies, in accordance with General Assembly resolutions 74/247 and 75/282.”

Venezuela and the 11 signatory countries urged the UN to establish a “Permanent Mechanism on ICT Security, to replace the current open working group on the peaceful use of information technologies (2021–2025). The objective would be to consolidate a stable, consensus-based institutional framework to address cybersecurity issues from the perspective of international peace and stability.”

The document is critical of sensitive issues such as the use of new technologies as tools for interference in internal affairs, “political destabilization, and manipulation through satellite internet networks.”

The twelve nations advocate multilateralism, non-interference, and respect for each state’s national legislation.

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Source: globovision

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The risk rating agency Fitch Ratings issued its report on the fiscal deficit in Latin America for the first half of 2024, where an increase is seen in Brazil, Mexico, Chile and Colombia. On the other hand, it highlights the improvements in the public sector accounts of Argentina, Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Paraguay.

Two realities in terms of regional economy that show the deterioration of fiscal accounts in the first block of four countries, in opposition to more effective positions such as those implemented by the government of Javier Milei in Argentina, followed by other positive measures in Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Paraguay.

According to the Fitch Ratings report: “Fiscal deficits mostly widened as post-pandemic revenues began to decline, primary spending fell in line with past inflation, and high financing costs raised interest bills. . In 2024, the deterioration has continued, as spending has exceeded income, with some exceptions.”

By comparing the fiscal result “of the last years of each country with the fiscal result of the last 12 months as of June 2024 (with the exception of Bolivia and Colombia, whose latest data is as of April), the risk rating agency establishes that Argentina closed the last year with a fiscal deficit of -4.4 % of GDP. As of June 2024, its fiscal deficit corresponding to the last twelve months was -0.6 %. Its fiscal goal for 2024 is full balance (0 %).”

In the case of Brazil, the nation closed 2023 with a fiscal deficit of -7.5 % of GDP; accumulated -7.8 % fiscal deficit in the last 12 months to June 2024 and its goal for 2024 is -5.2 %.

Chile, another country where the fiscal deficit increased, ended 2023 at 2.4 %. By June 2024, the deficit reached -3.6 % and its fiscal goal is -1.9 %.

Colombia, on the other hand, “closed 2023 with a fiscal deficit of -4.3 %. Taking April 2024, in the last 12 months it accumulated a -6.2 % deficit. The goal for the end of 2024 is -5.6 %.”

Ecuador closed 2023 with a fiscal deficit of -5.3 %. In the last 12 months to June it reached -3.9 % and its fiscal goal for the current year is -3.5 %.

Mexico, another country where the fiscal deficit increased despite being the second most important economy in Latin America, closed 2023 at -3.3 % and in the last 12 months to June 2024 it rose to -4.1 %. The Mexican Government plans to close 2024 at -4.9 %.

Guatemala, a Central American country among those that have improved by improving its performance, closed 2023 with a deficit of -1.3 %, “while as of June 2024 it accumulated, in the last 12 months, a deficit of -0.5 %. The goal for 2024 is -2.4 %.”

Nicaragua, which is also among the best performing nations, closed 2023 “with a surplus of 2.7 %. The index rose by 2.9 % if the last 12 months to June 2024 are taken. The goal for 2024 is a surplus of 0.9 %.”

In the case of Paraguay, the fifth economy mentioned in the Fitch Report that has also improved public spending closed 2023 with a deficit of -4.1 %; in the last 12 months to June 2024 it was -3.1 % and has a fiscal goal to end 2024 of -2.6 %.

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The Nicaraguan government ordered the International Red Cross to leave the country. The announcement was made by the ICRC regional delegation for Mexico and Central America, while they reiterated their willingness to maintain dialogue and humanitarian aid to Nicaragua.

This mission had been operating in the Central American nation since 2018, the year in which it received authorization, and remained “focused on exclusively humanitarian objectives.”

A year later, in 2019, “the ICRC established a permanent mission in Managua and formalized an agreement with the Nicaraguan authorities to visit detainees.” The organization has provided support to the Red Cross to facilitate “contact between families and strengthen its humanitarian work in favor of the most vulnerable people, prevent and address humanitarian consequences of deprivation of liberty, and carry out training activities on International Law. Humanitarian”.

Upon learning of the decision of the Nicaraguan government, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Nada al Nashif, established an official position, regretting that the Nicaraguan authorities take a path other than that of “Human Rights, the rule of law and other democratic principles.”

The official ratified the organization’s willingness to dialogue, in addition to “technical assistance to overcome the human rights crisis.”

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This week will begin the IX Summit of the Americas, which this time will be held in the city of Los Angeles, California. However, the diplomatic meeting will take place without the presence of countries such as Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela, after the United States, the host country, considered that these nations do not promote democracy in the region.

The event is scheduled to take place from June 6 to 10, and begins this Monday with deliberations between representatives of civil society, the private sector and other meetings prior to the high-level segment in the last two days, around which disputes persist. unknowns after the refusal of several countries to attend due to the exclusion policy implemented by the United States.

López Obrador confirms that he will not attend the Summit

The president of Mexico, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, confirmed that he will not attend the Summit, due to the exclusion of the three aforementioned countries.

“I am not going to the Summit because not all the countries of the Americas are invited and I believe in the need to change the policy that has been imposed for centuries,” the president assured during a morning press conference.

“There can be no Summit of the Americas if all the countries of the American continent do not participate” or there can be, but he considers that “it is to continue with the old policy of interventionism and lack of respect for nations and their peoples.”

Argentina will represent Venezuela

In the midst of the controversy, the Venezuelan leader, Nicolás Maduro, said that the president of Argentina, Alberto Fernández, will be the representative of his country and of the other nations that were not invited to the Summit of the Americas.

In a broadcast of the radio program “International Dialogue“, Maduro thanked Fernández for “solidarity” and assured that he thinks it is “very good” that he carries the voice of the absent nations.

“It seems very good to me that he brings the voice of Latin America and the Caribbean to the meeting of the Americas (…) we will be well represented in the voice of President Alberto Fernández,” Maduro said, adding: “President Fernández is a brave man, who defends what he believes; and he is against exclusion.”

Summit of the Americas

Since 1994, the Summit of the Americas has regularly brought together the leaders of the countries of North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean, in a series of stakeholder forums, with the intention of promoting cooperation towards sustainable growth. inclusive economic growth and prosperity throughout the region.

Historically, these high-level meetings focus on issues of promoting democracy, human rights and development, as well as increasing economic competitiveness, improving access to clean energy and communication technology, in addition to strengthening regional security and combating illicit trafficking.

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With information from El Sumario

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